Where is mcmahon

British Tibet policy at the time was determined not by any fear of the Chinese, but of the Russians, in what was referred to as the Great Game.

It is known how the British claimed the barren white dessert of Aksai Chin with the aim of blocking any Russian push into Tibet. Not content with this, the British also signed the treaty to further ensure Russia was kept at bay, even though Russia, on the eve of the WWI, had become an ally of the British.

But, as Lamb notes wryly of the treaty, as in judo, the Russians used the weight of their opponent to defeat them, and indeed, the British ended up tying themselves up hopelessly with this seeming victory. To their dismay, the British also found out soon enough that the Russians could still exercise their influence in Tibet through Mongolia, which was under its shadow then, and particularly because the trans-border Buddhist Buriat tribe lived both in Siberia and Mongolia.

After entering Lhasa, the Chinese started probing neighbouring principalities of Sikkim, Nepal and Bhutan. Sikkim was a British protectorate, Nepal had a robust army, but it was Bhutan the British were worried of.

At the behest of Charles Bell, a civil servant and Tibet expert, the British quickly paid the Bhutan king a visit, and had him agree to renegotiate a treaty to ensure China could not take the kingdom. The treaty essentially was an understanding by which the Bhutias were not to raid the Duars plains for which the British would annually compensate them, a system obviously modelled on the Posa in which Ahom kings allowed hill tribes to levy tax Posa in kind from certain villages in the foothills on the understanding that there would be no raids.

The Ahoms bought their peace in this manner, acknowledging the subsistent economy in the hills would compel the hill tribes to raid the richer plains in the lean seasons regardless of punitive measures.

The British were, however, saved of further anxiety for the Qing Dynasty fell soon thereafter. These then were the reasons behind the urgency with which Britain called the Simla Conference.

The Chinese were taken into confidence only in the discussions on the proposal for creating an Inner and Outer Tibet, on the Mongolian model.

Some argue this was an acknowledgment by the British of the illegality of this treaty, pending ratification by China. Others say this was again solely for fear of displeasing Russia as the St. Petersburg Treaty made Chinese mediation of any settlement with Tibet mandatory. The treaty was ultimately published in by Olaf Caroe.

By then, Tsarist Russia had fallen and the new Communist regime abrogated most of the treaties concluded by the Tsarist regime. China claimed its right on Arunachal Pradesh only after the occupancy of the Tibet in India believes that when the McMahon Line was established in , Tibet was a weak but independent country, so it has every right to negotiate a border agreement with any country.

Even after the Chinese occupancy over Tibet in , the Tawang region remained an integral part of India. China says that the area of the disputed area is 2, kilometers while India claims it is 4, kilometers. Thus it is clear that China rejects almost every treaty that it had approved before the communist revolution. This is true about the Panchsheel agreement also.

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